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Marshmallow Hulk in Vacuum Jar
When the pump is switched on and the air in the jar is gradually removed, the pressure in the jar decreases. There will be fewer air...
Evan Toh
Nov 2, 20241 min read
Evan Toh
Nov 2, 20240 min read


Evan Toh
Nov 2, 20240 min read


Boiling water at reduced pressure – Water boils at 75 oC
At sea level (where most of us are), the standard atmospheric pressure is about 101325 Pa. The boiling point of water is at 100 oC which...
Evan Toh
Nov 2, 20241 min read


PP2022P1Q17 Why is the athlete wrapped with silver and white sheet after a run?
We have learned that silver smooth reflective surface is a poor absorber , poor emitter or a good reflector of infra-red radiation. How...
Evan Toh
Oct 30, 20241 min read


Pee Boy - Gas expands and contracts the most
The 3 states of matter – solid, liquid and gas. In general, when a body is heated, it expands and volume increases. The mass remains the...
Evan Toh
Sep 1, 20242 min read


Hand Boiler
Hand boiler toy is a demonstration of thermal transfer and how the 3 states of matter interact. The coloured liquid inside is usually...
Evan Toh
Sep 1, 20241 min read


Water is a poor conductor
In the three states of matter, in general, solid is the best conductor as the particles are closely packed in an orderly manner, hence...
Evan Toh
Sep 1, 20241 min read


Metal is a good conductor – paper over metal gets burned slower
he paper over metal or over plastic/wood will get burned faster? Everyone knows that metal is a good conductor of thermal energy. But...
Evan Toh
Sep 1, 20241 min read


How to read the digital stopwatch
Depending on the experiment, the recording of measured time may be to the nearest 0.1 s or the nearest 1 s, even though a typical digital...
Evan Toh
Sep 1, 20241 min read


Convection Toy – Angels Carousel
This simple toy is made possible using convection current in the air. The ‘fan’ of the carousel is similar to the windmill we are...
Evan Toh
Sep 1, 20241 min read


Convection Current – demo
Convection is a process in which thermal energy is transferred within a fluid (liquid or gas) due to the difference in density which...
Evan Toh
Sep 1, 20241 min read


Radiometer – Thermal Transfer
adiometer is a device for measuring the amount of infrared radiation. It consists of freely pivoted rotor with four vanes perpendicular...
Evan Toh
Sep 1, 20241 min read


Evan Toh
Jan 1, 20240 min read


Evan Toh
Dec 1, 20230 min read


Evan Toh
Dec 1, 20230 min read
Evan Toh
Dec 1, 20230 min read
Evan Toh
Dec 1, 20230 min read
Evan Toh
Dec 1, 20230 min read
Evan Toh
Dec 1, 20230 min read
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